Eng 577 Folklore: Approaches to Festival

TTh 1-3:10

Katherine Borland

F2018

366-9268

borland.19@osu.edu
 
 

Course Description


Folk festivals, popular celebrations and carnivalesque rituals are not simply expressions of religious sentiments and spiritual ideals; they are also very often key sites in which larger social issues and political conflicts are expressed, mediated, challenged and in some cases spill over into physical violence. This course will introduce you to the theories of festival behavior along with exploring a wide range of festivals and other public enactments: including football, the Passion of Christ, Mardi Gras, Jonkonnu, Latin American Conquest Dramas, the Luling Watermelon Thump and the Do Dah Parade. You will be encouraged to observe and interpret a festival in our own community as well as research festival from the perspective of history, literature, psychology or some other field in which you have substantial training.
 
 


Requirements and Evaluations




Attendance: 100 points. Students will be docked 5

points for each unexcused absence. Absences will be excused [docked 1 point] only on receipt of a valid doctor's note.

One Field Observation paper 250 points. A short (4-6 page) description and analysis of a festive public enactment based on participant-observation. Due Eighth Week.

One Bibliographic Exercise--posted to the Website. 250 pt. Students will review a decade of festival scholarship in the Journal of American Folklore and produce an annotated bibliography with an introduction that describes the state of the scholarship during that decade. Due fourth week.

A Term Paper on a particular festival or an aspect of festival. 400 pts. Students will develop a paper (8-12 pages) based on an approved topic and will prepare a brief (10-15 minutes) oral presentation on their work. Presentation: tenth week; Paper: finals week.

Please also note. All readings must be completed before class discussion. Failure to be prepared will result in students being marked absent for class discussion.

Plagiarism is a serious academic violation. If you have any questions about how to cite a source or idea, please ask.

Accomodations will be made for those who have a proven need. Please see me immediately if you anticipate requiring accomodations.
 
 




 
 

Readings


Course Packet

The Bacchae, Euripides

(available at the bookstore)
 
 




Festival Class Schedule

[may be subject to revision}

Week One Definitions

Stoeltje "Festival"

Stoeltje "Power and the Ritual Genres"

Durkheim Excerpt Elementary Forms of Religious Life

Smith "Structure of Aesthetic Response"

Film: Romeria de Pueblo

Assignment: Annotated review of Festival Articles in JAF due Week 4

Observation Paper on a Festival/Ritual/Public Enactment

due Week 8

Week Two The Game Metaphor, Football and Wrestling

Huizinga Excerpt from Homo Ludens

Bateson Excerpt from Theory of Play and Fantasy

Dundes "Into the Endzone for a Touchdown"

Guttman "The Fascination with Football"

Lincoln "The Dialectics of Symbolic Inversion"

Week Three The Drama Metaphor

Aristotle, Chapter 6 of Poetics

The Bacchae

Turner, "The Anthropology of Performance"

Bogatyrev, "Semiotics in the Folk Theatre"

Slides: Semana Santa in Seville

Passion of Christ in Masaya

Week Four: Carnival as Ineffective Safety Valve

Eliade "Definition"

Lincoln "Festivals and Massacres: Reflections on St. Bartholomew's Day."

Zemon-Davis "Women on Top"

Film: Carnaval del Pueblo

First Assignment Due: Annotated bibliography of Festival articles in JAF.

Assignment: Choose paper topic

Week Five: Carnival as Antihegemonic Free Expression

Scott "Rituals of Reversal, Carnivals and Fetes"

Schechner "The Street is the Stage"

Bakhtin Presentation of argument, Rabelais and his World

Film Clips: "Caribbean Carnival"

Turn in Paper proposal Week Six: Carnival as Radical Field of Freedom Reconsidered

De Caro and Ireland "Every Man a King"

Ware "'I Read the Rules Backward': Women, Symbolic

Inversion, and the Cajun Mardi Gras Run" Lindahl "Bakhtin and the Cajun Country Mardi Gras"

Film: Dance for a Chicken

Assignment: Pick a monograph and a festival topic to research

Week Seven: Reconstructions, Reenactments, and the Constructed

Nature of Tradition

Hobsbaum and Ranger, excerpt from The Invention of Tradition

Handler and Linnekin, "Tradition, Genuine or Spurious

Schechner "Restoration of Behavior"

Film Gathering Up Again

Week Eight: The Local vs. the Modern

Abrahams, "Shouting Match at the Border"

Stoeltje and Bauman "Community Festival and the Enactment of

Modernity"

******* An article on Conquest Dramas to be handed out in class. Schechner "Waehma"

Film Clips: Dance Dramas of the Conquest

Week Nine: Traditional and Modern Parodies

Lawrence "Notes on the Doo Dah Parade"

Kugelmas "Wishes Comes True: Designing the Greenwich Village Halloween Parade"

Abrahams "Christmas and Carnival on St. Vincent"

Film Clips: Jamaican Jonkunnu

Assignment Due: Field Observation of a Festival Performance
 
 

Week Ten: Student Presentations on Festival Research

Week Eleven Final Paper Due

SUPPLEMENTAL BIBLIOGRAPHY

Barbara Babcock, ed., The Reversible World: Symbolic Inversion in Art and Society (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1978).

Julio Caro Baroja, Le Carnaval (Paris: Gallimard, 1979).

Gregory Bateson, Naven (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1958.

William Beezley, et al., eds., Rituals of Rule, Rituals of Resistance: Public Celebrations and Popular Culture in Mexico (Wilmington: Scholarly Resources Books, 1994).

Catherine Bell, Ritual Theory Ritual Practice (New York: Oxford, 1992).

Sandra Billington, Mock Kings in Medieval Society and Renaissance Drama (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1991).

Jeremy Boissevain, ed., Revitalizing European Rituals (London: Routledge, 1992).

Stanley Brandes, Power and Persuasion: Fiestas and Social Control in Rural Mexico (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1988).

______________. "The Day of the Dead, Halloween, and Mexican National Identity" JAF 111 (1998): 359-80.

Victoria Reifler Bricker. Ritual Humor in Highland Chiapas. Austin: Texas, 1973.

Ray B. Browne & Michael Marsden, eds., The Cultures of Celebrations (Bowling Green: Bowling Green State University Popular Press, 1994).

Olivia Cadaval, "Making a Place Home: The Latino Festival." In Stephen Stern and J.A. Cicala, eds. Creative Ethnicity, pp. 204-222. Logan: Utah State Univ. Press, 1991.

--------------------, "The Taking of Renwick: The Celebration of the Day of the Dead and the Latino Community of Washington, D.C.," JFR 22, 1985, pp. 179-93.

Abner Cohen, Masquerade Politics: Explorations in the Structure of Urban Cultural Movements (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993).

Colleen Ballerino Cohen, Richard Wilk and Beverly Stoeltje, eds. Beauty Queens on the Global Stage: Gender, Contests, and Power. New York: Routledge, 1996.

Susan G. Davis, Parades and Power: Street Theatre in Nineteenth Century Philadelphia (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1986).

F. A. De Caro and Tom Ireland, "Every Man a King: Worldview, Social Tension and Carnival in New Orleans," International Folklore Review 6 (1988): 58-66.

Robert Dirks, The Black Saturnalia: Conflict and its Ritual Expression on British West Indian Slave Plantations (Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 1987).

Alan Dundes and Alessandro Falassi, La Terra en Piazza: the Interpretation of the Palio of Sienna. Berkeley: California, 1975.

Umberto Eco, V.V. Ivanov, and Monica Rector, Carnival! (The Hague: Mouton, 1984).

Alessandro Falassi, ed., Time out of Time: Essays on the Festival (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1987).

Joan M. Fayer and Joan F. McMurray. "The Carriacou Mas'" JAF 112 (1999): 58-73.

James Fernandez. "Convivial Attitudes: A Northern Spanish Kayak Festival in its Historical Moment," in his Persuasions and Performances. Bloomington: Indiana, 1986.

Juanita Gaciagodoy. Digging the Days of the Dead: A Reading of Mexico's

Dia de Los Muertos. Niwat: Univ. Press of Colorado, 1998.

Marcia Gaudet. "Mardi Gras at Carville" JAF 111 (1998): 23-38.

Glassie, Henry. All Silver and No Brass. Bloomington, IN: Indiana, 1976.

Gluckman, Max. Order and Rebellion in Tribal Africa. New York: The Free Press, 1963.

Ronald Grimes, Symbol and Conquest: Public Ritual and Drama in Santa Fe (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1992).

Ramon Gutierrez & Genevieve Fabre, eds., Feasts and Celebrations in North American Ethnic Communities (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1995).

Don Handelman, Models and Metaphors: Towards an Anthropology of Public Events (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990).

Max Harris. "Moctezuma's Daughter: The Role of La Malinche in Mesoamerican Dance." JAF 109 (1996): 149-72.

Jacques Heers, Fetes des fous et carnavals (Paris: Fayard, 1983).

Hill, Eric T. The Trinidad Carnival: Mandate for a National Theater. Austin: Texas, 1972.

Sam Kinser, Carnival, American Style (Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press, 1990).
----------------, Carnival: Text, Context, Metatext (Berkeley: University of

California Press, 1990).

Jack Kugelmass, Masked Culture: The Greenwich Village Halloween Parade (New York: Columbia University Press, 1994).

Michael Largey. "Politics on the Pavement: Haitian Rara as a Traditionalizing Process. JAF 113 (Summer 2000): 239-54.

François Laroque, Shakespeare's Festive World: Elizabethan Seasonal Entertainment and the Professional Stage (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991).

Carl Lindahl, "The Presence of the Past in Cajun Mardi Gras." JFR 33 (1996); 125-153.

Daniel Linger, Dangerous Encounters: Meaning As Violence in a Brazilian City (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1992).

George Lipsitz, "Mardi Gras Indians: Carnival and Counter-Narrative in Black New Orleans," Cultural Critique 10 (Fall 1988): 99-121. John J. MacAloon, ed., Rite, Drama, Festival, Spectacle: Rehearsals toward a Theory of Cultural Performance (Philadelphia: Institute for the Study of Human Issues, 1984).

Maire MacNeill. The Festival of Lughnasa. Oxford: Oxford, 1962.

Frank E. Manning, ed., The Celebration of Society: Perspectives on Contemporary Cultural Performance (Bowling Green: Bowling Green State University Popular Press, 1983).

Jerome Mintz. Carnival Song and Society: Gossip, Sexuality and Creativity in Andalucia. NY: Oxford, 1997.

Reid Mitchell, All on a Mardi Gras Day: Episodes in the History of New Orleans Carnival (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1995)

Moore, Sally Falk and Barbara Myerhoff, eds. Secular Ritual. Amsterdam: Van Gorcum, 1977.

Olga Najera Ramirez. La Fiesta de los Tastoanes: Critical Encounters in Mexican Festival Performance. Albuquerque: New Mexico, 1997.

John W. Nunley and Judith Bettelheim. Caribbean Festival Arts: Each and Every Bit of Difference. Seattle: Washington, 1988.

Alexander Orloff, Carnival, Myth, and Cult (Worgl: Perlinger, 1981).

Akos Ostor, The Play of the Gods: Locality, Ideology, Structure, and Time in the Festivals of a Bengali Town (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1980).

Susan J. Rasmussin. "Between Ritual, Theatre and Play," JAF 110 (1997): 3-27.

Sylvia Rodriguez. "Fiesta Time and Plaza Space" JAF 111 (1998): 39-56.

_______________. The Matachines Dance: Ritual Symbolism and Interethnic Relations in the Upper Rio Grande Valley. Albuquerque: New Mexico, 1996.

David Shepherd, ed., Bakhtin: Carnival and other Subjects (Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1993).

Robert J. Smith. The Art of the Festival. Lawrence: Kansas Publication in Anthropology 6, 1975.

---------------------. "The Structure of Aesthetic Response" In Toward New Perspectives in Folklore. Eds. Americo Paredes and Richard Bauman. Austin: Texas, 1972: 68-79.

Beverly J. Stoeltje. "Riding,Roping and Reunion: Cowboy Festivals. In Time out of Time: Essays on the Festival, ed. A. Falassi. Albuquerque: New Mexico, 1987: 138-51.

_______________. "Gender Representations in Performance: The Cowgirl and the Hostess." JFR 25 (3):219-41.

Victor Turner, ed., Celebration: Studies in Festivity and Ritual (Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1982).

-------------------. The Forest of Symbols:
------------------. The Ritual Process: Structure and Anti-Structure. Ithaca: Cornell, 1986 (1969).

_____________. The Anthropology of Performance. New York: PAJ Publications, 1986.

_____________. "Liminal to Liminoid in Play, Flow and Ritual: an Essay in Comparative Symbology." Rice University Studies vol 60. Houston: Rice, 1974: 53-92.

James B. Twitchell, Carnival Culture: The Trashing of Taste in America (New York: Columbia University Press, 1992).

Arnold Van Gennep. The Rites of Passage. trans. M. B. Vizedom and G. L. Caffee. London: Routledge and Paul, 1960 (1909).

Evon Z Vogt. "A Study of the Southwestern Fiesta System as Exemplified by the Laguna Fiesta," American Anthropologist 57 (1950): 820-39.

Marta Weigle, Brothers of Light, Brothers of Blood: The Penitents of the Southwest. Albuquerque: New Mexico, 1976.

William Wiggins, Jr. "Lift Every Voice and Sing: A Study of Afro-American Emancipation Celebrations," in Discovering Afro-America, ed. Roger D. Abrahams and John S. Szwed. Leiden: EJ Brill, 1975: 46-57.